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This tutorial will guide you directly as a PXE server (Pre-Boot Execution Environment) to the network installed by using DNSMASQ Debian 7 (Wheezy), such a case is assumed that your server does not provide any CD / DVD / USB media drive, or it only through the monitor, keyboard, and mouse connected.
DNSMASQ is a lightweight network infrastructure servers, which provide services such as DNS, DHCP and other key services and network boot via the built-in DNS, DHCP and TFTP server.
Once the PXE server is up and running, you can instruct all your clients boot directly from the network, provided that your client must have a support network boot card, the network can be enabled from the BIOS boot network boot or start service options .
Step 1: Install and configure the server DNSMASQ
1. First, after installing Debian server, make sure your system is using a static IP address. Because in addition to network boot, but also on providing DHCP service for your entire network. Set up a static IP address, the root account or a user with root authority to run the following command to install DNSMASQ server.
# Apt-get install dnsmasq
2. DNSMASQ package installed, you can begin to edit the configuration file. First create a backup master configuration file, and then use the following command dnsmasq.conf file for editing.
# Mv /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/dnsmasq.conf.backup
# Nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
3. The above backup process for renaming the configuration file, the new file should be empty, you can use the following described DNSMASQ profile excerpt.
interface = eth0
domain = debian.lan
dhcp-range = 192.168.1.3,192.168.1.253,255.255.255.0,1h
dhcp-boot = pxelinux.0, pxeserver, 192.168.1.100
pxe-prompt = "Press F8 for menu.", 60
# Pxe-service types: x86PC, PC98, IA64_EFI, Alpha, Arc_x86, Intel_Lean_Client, IA32_EFI, BC_EFI, Xscale_EFI and X86-64_EFI
pxe-service = x86PC, "Install Debian 7 Linux from network server 192.168.1.100", pxelinux
enable-tftp
tftp-root = / srv / tftp
interface - server listens on the network interface.
domain - replaced with your own domain name.
dhcp-range - with your own network mask defined network IP address range.
dhcp-boot - to keep the default, but use your own server IP address IP replace statement.
pxe-prompt - to keep the default - request when tapping F8 key to enter the menu, wait for 60 seconds.
pxe = service - use x86PC as 32-bit / 64-bit architectures, and entered quoted string Menu description tips. Other value types may be: PC98, IA64EFI, Alpha, Arcx86, IntelLeanClient, IA32EFI, BCEFI, XscaleEFI and X86-64EFI.
enable-tftp - Enables the onboard TFTP server.
tftp-root - use / srv / tftp Debian as a location for network boot file.
Step 2: Download the file and open the network boot Debian firewall connections
4. Now, download the Debian network boot files. First, modify your current working directory path to the TFTP root directory location, which is defined by the last configuration statements (/ srv / tftp system path).
Go Debian Network Installation - Network Boot official page mirror portion, crawl the following documents to be crawled file depends on what you want to install the system architecture of the client.
Good netboot.tar.gz download files while extracting archive (this procedure is described only applies to 64-bit, but other systems architecture is basically the same).
# Cd / srv / tftp /
# Wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/wheezy/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz
# Tar xfz netboot.tar.gz
# Wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/wheezy/main/installer-amd64/current/images/SHA256SUMS
# Wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/wheezy/Release
# Wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/wheezy/Release.gpg
At the same time, we must ensure that the TFTP directory of all files can allow TFTP server to read.
# Chmod -R 755 / srv / tftp /
Use the following variables for Debian mirror network installation and architecture.
# Wget http: // "$ YOURMIRROR" / debian / dists / wheezy / main / installer- "$ ARCH" /current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz
# Wget http: // "$ YOURMIRROR" / debian / dists / wheezy / main / installer- "$ ARCH" / current / images / SHA256SUMS
# Wget http: // "$ YOURMIRROR" / debian / dists / wheezy / Release
# Wget http: // "$ YOURMIRROR" /debian/dists/wheezy/Release.gpg
5. Next, start or restart DNSMASQ daemon and run netstat command to get a list of the server listening port.
# Service dnsmasq restart
# Netstat -tulpn | grep dnsmasq
6. Debian-based distributions usually comes UFW firewall package. Use the following command to open the required DNSMASQ port number: 67 (Bootps), 69 (TFTP), 53 (DNS) 4011 (Proxy DHCP) udp and 53 tcp (DNS).
# Ufw allow 69 / udp
# Ufw allow 4011 / udp ## Only if you have a ProxyDHCP on the network
# Ufw allow 67 / udp
# Ufw allow 53 / tcp
# Ufw allow 53 / udp
Now that is in your client PXE loader network interface will use the following order to load the configuration file from /srv/tftp/pxelinux.cfg pxelinux directory.
GUID file
MAC file
The default file
Step 3: Configure the client to boot from the network
7. To enable the network to start your client computer, enter the system BIOS configuration (how to enter the BIOS setup, see your hardware motherboard vendor's documentation).
Go to the Start menu, then select a network boot as the primary boot device (on some systems, you can not enter the BIOS configuration can select a boot device, press a button can be selected as long as the BIOS self-test).
8. After editing the startup sequence, usually press F10 to save the BIOS settings. After rebooting, your client computer should be able to boot directly from the network, and should be the first PXE prompt asking you to press the F8 key to enter the menu.
Next, tap the F8 key to enter, there will be a new prompt. Pressing the return key, the screen will appear on the main screen prompts to install Debian.
From here, you can use the Debian 7 Wheezy Debian installation process will be installed on your machine up (see above link installed). However, in order to complete the installation process, you also need to make sure your machine is connected to the Internet has been activated.
Step 4: DNSMASQ server troubleshooting and enable system-wide
9. To diagnose server to check whether a final question or to inquire other information provided to the client, run the following command to open the log file.
# Tailf /var/log/daemon.log
10. If the server test is ready, you can now help sysv-rc-conf package, enable DNSMASQ daemon from the start, so that the process starts automatically after the system reboots.
# Apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
# Sysv-rc-conf dnsmaq on
Call it! Now your PXE server ready to go, ready to assign the IP address (DHCP), and provide the information you need to start all of your network client, this information is used to configure and install Debian Wheezy start from the network.
PXE network boot using the number of servers installed on the host when a lot of great advantage, because you can set the fire in a short time while the entire network infrastructure to provide a convenient upgrade version, you can also make a fully automated installation through the entire kickstart file. |
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