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Linux system file directory structure Introduction
/ Root directory section has the following subdirectories:
/ Usr directory contains all commands, libraries, documentation, and other files. In normal operation, these files will not be changed. This directory also contains the Linux distribution of your main application, similar to the Program Files directory under Windows.
/ Var directory is included in the normal operation is changed files: Spool files, log files, lock files, temporary files and pages formatted files.
File / home directory contains: Parameter settings file, personal files, documents, data, EMAIL, cache data. This directory should be retained in the provincial system.
/ Proc directory contains the illusory whole file. They do not actually exist on disk, not take up any space. (With ls -l can show their size) when view these files actually access memory information is present, this information is used to access the system.
/ Bin system startup required executable file (binary), these files can be used by ordinary users. Such as executable files ls, mv commands are in this directory.
/ Sbin system executable file (binary), these files are not intended to be used by ordinary users. (Ordinary users can still use them, but to the specified directory.)
/ Etc directory configuration files of the operating system.
/ Root system administrator (also known as super user or root user) the Home directory.
/ Dev device file directory. LINUX is the next device as a file, so that hardware is abstracted, easy to read and write, network sharing and the need for temporary load to the file system. Under normal circumstances, the device will have a separate subdirectory. The contents of these devices appear in a separate subdirectory. LINUX no so-called drive character.
/ Lib shared libraries under the root directory of the file system program and core modules.
/ Boot for the bootstrap loader (LILO or GRUB) files. When the computer starts (if you have multiple operating systems, it is possible to allow you to choose which operating system boot), these files are loaded first. This directory also contains the LINUX core (compressed file vmlinuz), but can also exist elsewhere nuclear LINUX, as long as the configure LILO and LILO LINUX nuclear know where it is.
/ Opt optional application, for example, RedHat 5.2 under KDE (under REDHAT 6.0, KDE on the other XWINDOWS application, the main executable in / usr / bin directory)
/ Tmp temporary files. This directory will be automatically cleared.
/ Lost + found file when the file system repair restore.
/ Usr directory under the more important part are:
/ Usr / X11R6 X-WINDOWS system (version 11, release 6)
/ Usr / X11 (symbolic link / usr / X11R6) with the / usr / X11R6
/ Usr / X11R6 / bin large number of small X-WINDOWS application (and possibly some other symbols connected in a subfolder of large executable file).
/ Usr / doc LINUX documentation (on newer systems, this directory to / usr / share / doc).
/ Usr / share independence and the structure of your computer's data, for example, a dictionary word.
/ Usr / bin and / usr / sbin similar to the "/" root directory of the corresponding directory (/ bin and / sbin), but not for basic startup (for example, in emergency maintenance). Most commands in this directory.
/ Usr / local the local administrator to install the application (each application may have a separate subdirectory). After the "main" installation, this directory may be empty. The contents of this directory after re-installing or upgrading the operating system should exist.
/ Usr / local / bin might be a small user-installed applications, and a number of symbols in the / usr / local directory Great application connections.
/ Proc directory contents:
/ Proc / cpuinfo Information about the processor, such as type, manufacturer, model, and performance.
/ Proc / devices list of all devices currently running kernel configuration.
/ Proc / dma currently using the DMA channel. / Proc / filesystems currently running kernel configuration file system.
/ Proc / interrupts interrupt being used, and once the number of interrupts.
I / proc / ioports currently being used / O port.
For example, use the following command to read CPU information systems.
cat / proc / cpuinfo
/ Bin bin is binary acronym. This directory structure follows the UNIX system, the storage of the user's most frequently used commands. Such as cp, ls, cat, and so on.
/ Boot here some of the core is stored in a file when you start using Linux.
/ Dev dev is the device (equipment) of the abbreviation. This directory is outside of all Linux device, which functions like .vxd .sys and Win DOS under under. Linux, devices and files are accessed using the same method in. For example: / dev / hda represents the first physical IDE hard drive. |
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